Treatment of Cryptorchidism

Cryptorchidism is a condition in which one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum by the time of birth. The prevalence of this phenomenon is higher than commonly thought and can lead to future issues if left unaddressed. The specialists at “Dobrobut” medical center offer optimal treatment options for each case.

Causes of Cryptorchidism

The exact causes of cryptorchidism are not always clear, but several factors may contribute to this condition:

Hereditary predisposition to cryptorchidism (if it has been observed in close relatives).
Hormonal imbalance - a deficiency of testosterone during intrauterine development may disrupt the process of testicular descent.
Prematurity - boys born prematurely have a higher risk of cryptorchidism, as testicles typically descend in the last months of pregnancy.
Low birth weight.

Understanding these causes allows identification of risk factors and the implementation of preventive measures where possible.

Symptoms of Cryptorchidism

Cryptorchidism manifests with the following symptoms:

Absence of one or both testicles in the scrotum, which can often be palpated in the groin canal or abdominal cavity.
Swelling or discomfort in the groin area.
Abnormal development of the scrotum - it may appear underdeveloped or smaller in size.

If there is a suspicion of cryptorchidism, it is important to seek medical attention, especially if the testicles have not descended by the age of six months, or if there is swelling, visible changes in the scrotum, or increased discomfort.

Diagnosis

To diagnose cryptorchidism, a thorough examination is performed to determine the position of the testicles and assess other pathological changes. An ultrasound examination may also be ordered, which can help locate the undescended testicle in the pelvic or inguinal area. In certain situations, laboratory tests may be conducted to evaluate hormone levels that can influence testicular descent. Early diagnosis is crucial for successful treatment outcomes.

Treatment

Treatment for cryptorchidism depends on factors such as the child's age and the location of the undescended testicle. The following methods may be used:

Observation. Sometimes, especially for infants younger than six months, doctors may recommend a watchful waiting approach, as the testicles may descend naturally within a year.
Hormone therapy. In specific situations, hormone medications may be prescribed to stimulate testicular descent. This option is more commonly used for older children.
Surgical treatment. In cases where the testicle has not descended by the age of six months, a surgical procedure called orchidopexy is usually recommended. During this procedure, the surgeon moves the undescended testicle into its proper position in the scrotum and secures it. Surgical intervention is a minimally invasive procedure and is performed on an outpatient basis.

Recovery

During the recovery period, parents need to monitor their child for signs of potential complications, such as swelling, redness, or increased pain at the surgical site. Follow-up appointments are essential, and physical activity restrictions are recommended until full healing occurs. Most children recover quite rapidly and can return to their regular activities in a short time.

Complications

If cryptorchidism is not treated, it can lead to several complications, including:

Decreased reproductive capacity. Undescended testicles are associated with an increased risk of infertility in the future.
Increased risk of developing testicular cancer in men with cryptorchidism.
Inguinal hernia requiring subsequent surgical intervention.

Timely medical attention can help prevent possible complications.

Prevention

Preventing cryptorchidism is not always possible, but some measures can help reduce the risk of its development:

Prenatal care. Timely treatment of diseases, avoidance of harmful habits, and judicious use of medications during pregnancy.
Genetic counseling. Families with cases of cryptorchidism may seek genetic counseling to understand potential risks and implications for their children.
Early medical evaluations. Regular check-ups ensure early detection of the problem and more effective resolution.

If a child shows any signs of undescended testicles, it is important to consult a doctor in a timely manner. This can help prevent complications and determine the most suitable treatment method. Consultation appointments can be scheduled through the online form on the website or by calling the contact center.