Causes of heart murmurs, treatment
A heart murmur is a clinical manifestation of a non-specific nature, which is not always a symptom of pathology. There may be heart murmurs in a newborn baby, which are a manifestation of the baby's "transition" from intrauterine existence to independent life. However, it can also be a symptom of pathology. Therefore, in addition to the cardiologist's examination, it is necessary to conduct a number of instrumental studies that will help to make the correct diagnosis. You cannot ignore this symptom in any case.
Possible causes of heart murmurs:
- congenital or acquired heart disease;
- VSD, endocarditis;
- infectious damage to the heart muscle;
- damage to the aortic valve;
- anatomical anomalies;
- mitral stenosis;
- hypertension;
- acute form of pericarditis.
Among the causes of heart murmurs in an adult, which are not related to cardiac pathology: age changes, chronic stress and psycho-emotional overstrain, excessive physical exertion.
Why does a noise occur in the region of the heart
Heart murmurs are systolic, diastolic and systolic-diastolic.
Systolic murmurs are heard at the top of the heart and can be caused by cardiac pathology or be a symptom of another disease. Systolic murmur at the top of the heart in a child is most often associated by doctors with adaptation to the environment.
Diastolic - manifestation of cardiac pathology. The main causes are stenosis of the atrioventricular openings, insufficiency of the aortic valve or pulmonary trunk.
Why there is a noise in the heart area:
- regurgitation of blood;
- high speed of blood flow;
- passage of blood into the enlarged chamber of the heart through a deformed opening.
Why does a child's heart make a noise
There are many reasons, the most common of which are:
- Anomalous state of pulmonary venous return. Pulmonary veins either do not connect with the atrium on the right, or may merge with the veins of the great circle.
- Pathology of the interventricular septum - can develop independently or be combined with other heart pathology.
- Coarctation of the aorta. Your doctor will tell you what it is and what heart murmurs mean at 2-3 years old during the consultation.
- Atrial septal defect is a congenital heart defect characterized by an opening between the right and left atrium.
Heart murmurs in an adult: symptoms
If we are talking about noises that are not related to heart pathology, then they can be combined with the following symptoms:
- quick fatigue, pale skin, weakness (anemia);
- weight loss, irritability, hand tremors (thyrotoxicosis);
- mood swings, headache, dizziness, tachycardia (vegeto-vascular dystonia);
- swelling of the legs, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat (late pregnancy).
Clinical manifestations of noises associated with cardiac pathology:
- rapid heartbeat, unstable blood pressure;
- shortness of breath;
- increased sweating during sleep;
- chest pain;
- "cold" hands and feet;
- swelling of the limbs;
- chest pain.
On our site https://dobrobut.com/ you can make an appointment with a cardiologist and learn about the consequences of a heart murmur in a month. If necessary, the center can undergo a full set of examinations.
Diagnostics
Auscultation, angiography, ECG, chest radiography, ultrasound of the heart, phonocardiography, general blood analysis, blood biochemistry, blood analysis for hormones and special tests are used as diagnostics of cardiac pathology.
Auscultation of heart sounds is a highly informative method of diagnosing heart diseases, which is based on listening to sounds related to the activity of the cardiovascular system.
Treatment and prevention
Therapy depends on the cause. For murmurs not related to heart disease, focus on treating the underlying disease. In case of endocrine disorders, the course of therapy will be conducted by an endocrinologist. In the case of anemia, which provoked the noise, the help of a therapist is necessary. Treatment of murmurs associated with a cardiac anomaly is within the competence of a cardiologist. In this case, both conservative therapy and surgical intervention may be required.
The main prevention will be a healthy lifestyle, which includes a rational diet, vigorous physical activity, 8 hours of sleep, preventive intake of vitamins in the spring-autumn period, and giving up bad habits.
If you have any questions or need the advice of a specialized specialist, use the entry on the website. Our specialist will help to understand the problem and tell what functional heart murmurs are. Registration is open 24 hours a day.
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