Causes and symptoms of gastric and duodenal ulcers. medication, diet

Gastric and duodenal ulcer - symptoms, types, treatment

Gastric ulcer disease is a chronic disease that develops gradually and is life-threatening without proper treatment. The formation of erosive lesions of the mucous membrane begins with the usual inflammatory process, so you need to know the first signs of chronic gastritis with increased acidity. In most cases, this will help prevent the formation of ulcers.

Why does peptic ulcer develop

Previously, it was believed that the cause of the disease is improper nutrition and alcohol abuse. Modern studies indicate that the causes of atrophic gastritis (it is the "harbinger" of an ulcer) lie in the presence of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which lives in gastric juice and neutralizes it. Bacteria can enter the human body in the simplest ways - through dirty hands, dishes, doctor's tools, during pregnancy from the woman to the fetus.

In addition to the main cause of the disease, there are a number of factors:

1. Taking some medicines. Diclofenac, Ibuprofen and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used for a long time have a negative effect on the condition of the gastric mucosa. There is a high risk of peptic ulcer disease in patients older than 65 years who simultaneously take coagulants and corticosteroids.
2. Abdominal trauma - blows/injuries, frostbite, internal burns.
3. The presence of common diseases - tuberculosis, syphilis, inflammation of the pancreas or liver.
4. Regular violation of the regime and diet, alcohol abuse and smoking.

Symptoms of gastric and duodenal ulcer

Symptoms of the disease are pronounced, so patients do not delay in contacting a doctor. Manifestations of stomach ulcers in adults are as follows:

1. Pain of a non-permanent nature, which occurs in the upper part of the abdomen. Patients associate the onset of pain with eating too fatty or spicy foods, alcohol or with excessive physical exertion.
2. Pechia. This sign is noted in 80% of patients. One and a half to two hours after eating, a strong burning sensation appears in the anatomical location of the esophagus.
3. Vomiting and nausea. The patient begins to feel nauseous literally immediately after eating. Often everything ends with vomiting, which brings significant relief.
4. Lack of appetite. It is rather a psychological symptom – patients feel discomfort after every meal, so they unconsciously try to avoid it by refusing to eat.

Please note: the pain of a perforated (perforating) stomach ulcer is sharp, high in intensity and accompanied by the release of brown vomiting masses, which indicates the beginning of bleeding.

Symptoms of gastric and duodenal ulcers can be non-specific - for example, a dense white coating forms on the tongue, there are chronic constipations, constantly sweaty palms.

How to treat peptic ulcer disease

The patient will have to take medicines for stomach ulcers throughout his life during periods of repeated exacerbations. Note that the disease is chronic, so it will not be possible to achieve a full recovery. Drug therapy involves taking antibacterial drugs that relieve inflammation and destroy disease-causing bacteria. Priority is given to the following means of treatment for exacerbation of gastric ulcer:

• tetracyclines;
• macrolides;
• penicillins;
• nitromidazole and its derivatives.

In addition, the doctor with whom the patient is registered will explain how to treat erosive gastritis during periods of remission. The following tools are used for this:

• De-Nol, Entrostil, Sucralfate - significantly increase the protective properties of the gastric mucosa;
• Cytotek, Antacids, Gastrocepin - drugs from the antisecretory category.

It is important to follow a diet. The list of permitted foods for stomach ulcers during exacerbations can be obtained from your doctor - it is long, so it is not difficult to make a complete diet. In general, nutritional correction is carried out individually - for example, the diet menu for antral gastritis will differ from other types of this pathology. The patient must constantly follow the recommendations of specialists, which will help reduce the number of exacerbations to a minimum.

What is forbidden to use for peptic ulcer disease:

• any fried, smoked, pickled, salted and canned products;
• carbonated water, strong black tea and coffee;
• fermented milk products with the exception of natural yogurts;
• vegetables that contribute to increased gas formation and fermentation processes.

Drinking alcohol with a stomach ulcer is strictly prohibited, although some patients claim that moderate consumption of alcohol/vodka/cognac relieves their pain. This is a deceptive feeling, because in the absence of pain, one may not react to the breakthrough of an ulcer, which threatens with severe internal bleeding and a fatal outcome.

If the patient underwent surgical treatment, the doctor will tell you what foods you can eat after the operation - the restrictions will be serious, and you will have to starve for the first few days.

A stomach and duodenal ulcer is a pathology that requires qualified medical care. Contacting a doctor will help reduce the risk of ulcer breakthrough, correctly adjust the diet and choose the most effective treatment regimens for stomach ulcers with medications.

You can learn more about the signs, causes and methods of treatment of ulcer disease on the pages of our site Dobrobut.com.

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