First aid for cardiogenic shock
Cardiogenic shock is a serious condition caused by heart failure, which is accompanied by a decrease in the contractility of the myocardium and a pronounced decrease in blood pressure. The result is a sharp hypoxia, loss of consciousness and serious disturbances of blood circulation in the vital systems of the body. The main symptoms of cardiogenic shock will be described later.
Reasons:
- acute myocarditis;
- myocardial infarction;
- acute insufficiency of valves;
- severe form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy;
- cardiac tamponade;
- rupture of the interventricular septum;
- hemorrhagic shock, TELA.
The causes of cardiogenic shock include heart injuries, septic shock, and tension pneumothorax. Precipitating factors: old age, the presence of a patient with ventricular arrhythmia or diabetes.
Cardiogenic shock pathogenesis
In this condition, the tone of peripheral vessels increases, acute circulatory failure develops with a clear drop in blood pressure. Part of the blood goes beyond the vascular bed into dilated vessels and blood sequestration develops with hypovolemia and a decrease in central venous pressure. A decrease in the volume of circulating blood and hypotension lead to a decrease in blood flow in the kidneys, brain, liver and heart. As a result, tissue hypoxia and increased vascular permeability occur. You can read more about the pathogenesis of cardiogenic shock on our website https://dobrobut.com/ Fill out a special form and make an appointment with the right specialist.
Types of cardiogenic shock
According to the classification of Academician Chazov, there are four forms of cardiogenic shock.
The first is reflex, which is accompanied by a sharp drop in vascular tone and a marked decrease in blood pressure.
The second is real. It is characterized by a decrease in the pumping function of the heart.
The third is reactive, which occurs against the background of myocardial infarction. It is characterized by a sharp increase in the tone of peripheral vessels with the maximum severity of microcirculatory disorders.
The fourth is arrhythmic. Manifestations are rhythm and conduction disturbances, pressure drop and signs of shock.
The result of treatment of cardiogenic shock largely depends on the form of the pathology and the timeliness of the started therapy.
Cardiogenic shock during myocardial infarction - symptoms
The main manifestations increase rapidly. The patient is pale, the skin becomes cold and clammy, blood pressure drops sharply, the pulse is threadlike, breathing is accelerated. Loss of consciousness (confusion) is possible.
Algorithm of emergency care for cardiogenic shock:
- call "Ambulance";
- put the patient on a hard surface, slightly raising the legs;
- free the chest from tight clothing;
- ensure access to fresh air;
- perform resuscitation measures in case of cardiac arrest.
More detailed recommendations for providing pre-medical care in case of cardiogenic shock are listed on the pages of our website.
Help with cardiogenic shock, prevention
Medical assistance consists in raising blood pressure to normal levels. Dopamine or dobutamine is used for this purpose. With ventricular fibrillation, defibrillation is performed, and with cardiac arrest, indirect heart massage is performed.
Help with cardiogenic shock in hospital conditions: oxygen therapy, prescription of vasopressors, cardiac glycosides, analgesics, prednisolone, heparin, diuretics. The dosage and scheme is prescribed by the doctor individually.
Prevention:
- healthy lifestyle, rejection of bad habits;
- rational nutrition;
- full sleep, fight against stress;
- moderate physical activity;
- timely treatment of any heart pathology.
Once a year, undergo a professional examination by a cardiologist. In the presence of heart diseases, a preventive examination is recommended once every six months. In our center, a full examination of the body with a detailed interpretation of the results is possible. During the consultation, the doctor will answer your questions and tell you about the symptoms of cardiogenic shock during myocardial infarction. Registration online and by phone.
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