Embolization of uterine vessels and other organs
The procedure of clogging blood vessels with special substances or materials is called embolization. The technique belongs to the category of minimally invasive X-ray surgical endovascular procedures - those performed under X-ray control.
Why is embolization done
This procedure is a universal method - embolization of vessels of the prostate, liver, uterus and other organs is widely used.
Indications for embolization are:
- prevention of bleeding after a number of operations;
- prevention of relapses (re-development) of neoplasms. Basically, the effectiveness is manifested in the prevention of benign neoplasms, although there is evidence of good results in the treatment of malignant tumors;
- stimulation of tissue growth in order to replace lost tissue massifs;
- treatment of pathologies of various organs.
Embolization is effective for bleeding:
- gastrointestinal;
- nasal;
- early postpartum;
- postoperative (uterine artery embolization is quite often performed);
- post-traumatic.
Among vascular disorders, indications for embolization are:
- arteriovenous malformation is a congenital malformation of blood vessels, in which they are a tangle of chaotically intertwined arteries and veins (capillaries are not developed);
- Aneurysms of brain vessels are bulb-shaped expansion of its arteries or veins or unilateral protrusion of their wall.
In oncology, the procedure is especially effective for:
- malignant neoplasms of the liver;
- kidney tumors;
- uterine fibromyoma is a benign tumor of this organ.
Features of the event
How is embolization performed and what kind of procedure is it? When it is carried out, a special device for X-ray surgical procedures is used. Analgesia is either not carried out, or it is minimal. But in some cases, embolization is performed under general anesthesia - for example, with an aneurysm of the cerebral vessels or the portal vein.
Access to the vessel is carried out with the help of a special catheter and guide.
The following are used to block blood vessels:
- special spirals;
- particles of a given size;
- gelatin sponge (it is also called "gel-foam");
- cylinders;
- balloons.
The embolus (what should clog) is pushed into the vessel, then a control X-ray is taken - to determine whether the procedure was performed correctly (for example, embolization of the uterine vessels).
The following substances and materials are used as emboli:
- lipidol;
- ethanol;
- ethanolamine oleate;
- sotradecol;
- polyvinyl alcohol
and a number of others.
The properties of the gelatin sponge allow you to count on temporary embolization - within five weeks. The action is as follows: the sponge, which consists of insoluble gelatin, "absorbs" the liquid, swells and clogs the vessel.
Polyvinyl alcohol is used for permanent embolization - it consists of very small balls that clog the desired vessel.
One of the best materials for embolization is acrylic-gelatin microspheres – particles with an ideal spherical surface.
The use of embolizing coils is practiced in arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms, and vascular damage.
Advantages
Embolization is a popular procedure due to the following characteristics:
- high efficiency (for those patients who underwent this procedure, the question of why embolization is done in the presence of other treatment methods disappears);
- low invasiveness during the procedure - no need to make large tissue cuts;
- no need for stitches - and therefore no scars;
- no need for general anesthesia;
- quick recovery of the patient.
Disadvantages
Embolization is not an ideal method of treatment (however, neither are other methods). Its "cons" include:
- the risk of emboli entering the vessels of healthy tissues;
- individual intolerance of substances and materials that are injected into vessels for the purpose of their occlusion;
- the possibility of recurrence means that this method does not give a 100% guarantee of curing this or that pathology.
By registering on the website https://dobrobut.com/ for an appointment with our specialists, you can get more information - for example, how much the procedure costs of this procedure, where embolization is done and so on.
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