Videorectosigmoidoscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure used to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. This method employs a flexible endoscope with a camera, allowing the gastroenterologist to directly visualize the mucosal lining of the intestine on a monitor. It is particularly useful for identifying abnormalities such as polyps, inflammation, and early signs of cancer in the lower intestinal tract.

In the "Dobrobut" medical network, our experienced specialists utilize video rectosigmoidoscopy to provide accurate diagnoses and develop effective treatment plans for patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.

When to Consult a Doctor

It is necessary to consult a doctor regarding video rectosigmoidoscopy if you experience:

• Any rectal bleeding: any bleeding from the rectum, even if minor or episodic, requires investigation to rule out potential conditions such as polyps, hemorrhoids, or malignant formations.
• Prolonged episodes of diarrhea, constipation, or noticeable changes in stool consistency, which may indicate gastrointestinal issues.
• Prolonged discomfort, pain, or cramps in the lower abdomen that do not resolve with standard treatments.
• Significant weight loss without effort, which may indicate gastrointestinal disorders.
• A family history of colorectal cancer.

Indications and Contraindications

Video rectosigmoidoscopy, also known as flexible sigmoidoscopy, is indicated in the following cases:

• Screening for colorectal cancer: as part of routine screening, especially in individuals over 50 years or earlier in those with a family history of colorectal cancer.
• Diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease: to assess the degree and severity of inflammation and monitor disease progression or response to treatment.
• Evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms, including chronic diarrhea.
• Rectal bleeding: to determine the source of the blood and exclude serious diseases.
• Abdominal pain: to investigate possible causes related to the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Identification and removal of polyps for histological examination to prevent cancer progression.
• Diverticular disease: to assess and diagnose diverticulosis or diverticulitis (not in the acute phase).
• Evaluation of unexplained anemia: to investigate the possibility of bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract.
• Monitoring individuals with hereditary cancer syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome.
• Monitoring patients who have previously undergone surgery for colorectal cancer to ensure there is no recurrence.

Video rectosigmoidoscopy is a valuable tool for early detection and treatment of various bowel diseases. It is a less invasive procedure than full colonoscopy, requires less preparation, and is often performed as an outpatient procedure. However, its capabilities are limited to the distal part of the colon, so more extensive examination may be needed.

Contraindications may include significant heart or lung issues, active colitis or diverticulitis, and severe bleeding.

Preparation

Preparation for video rectosigmoidoscopy involves several key steps:

• Pre-procedural Consultation: Discussing the purpose, process, and potential risks of the procedure.
• Dietary Restrictions and Bowel Preparation: Patients typically need to follow a clear liquid diet and use prescribed laxatives to cleanse the bowel for optimal visibility.
• Adjustment of Medications: Reviewing medications the patient is taking and possibly discontinuing those that could affect blood clotting or interact with sedatives, under the doctor’s supervision.

How the Procedure is Conducted

Video rectosigmoidoscopy usually takes between 20 to 30 minutes. After the procedure, there may be a short recovery period (up to an hour) for monitoring the patient, especially if sedation is used.

During the procedure, the patient may receive sedation or local anesthesia to ensure comfort. A flexible endoscope is carefully inserted into the rectum and advanced through the sigmoid colon, transmitting video images to a monitor. The doctor examines the mucosal lining for abnormalities such as polyps, inflammation, or suspicious lesions. If problematic areas are identified, a biopsy may be performed for further pathological study.

After the examination, patients are observed for a period to monitor their condition following the procedure and ensure a safe recovery from sedation.

Although the procedure is generally safe, potential complications may include minor bleeding, especially at biopsy sites, reactions to sedation, and rare cases of infection.

In the "Dobrobut" medical network, we strive to provide high-quality care during video rectosigmoidoscopy. Our team of experienced specialists utilizes modern methodologies to ensure comfortable procedures and accurate diagnostics.

Appointments for consultations regarding the video rectosigmoidoscopy can be made through the form on the website or by contacting the call center.