Symptoms of ureaplasmosis in men and women. Treatment
Ureaplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by ureaplasmas, bacteria that inhabit the genital tract and urinary system. Treatment of ureaplasmosis in women and men is carried out by venereologists, most often it is transmitted sexually.
Causes of ureaplasmosis
Ureaplasmas are a type of bacteria that used to be considered mycoplasmas, but were later separated as a separate genus because they are able to break down urea.
Two types of this pathogen have been identified - Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum (Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum).
The microorganism belongs to opportunistic pathogens. This means that it is detected in healthy people without signs of pathology, but under a number of circumstances (for example, when the body's defenses are weakened), it can become pathogenic and provoke the development of one or another disease.
Ways of infection:
- children - from an infected mother during childbirth. Ureaplasmas are detected in newborns on the external genitalia (mainly in girls), as well as in the nasopharyngeal cavity;
- adults - during sexual contact (genital, oral, anal).
Unprotected sex is the most common cause of ureaplasmosis.
The causative agent is found on the external genitalia of about a third of newborn girls, boys are infected much less often.
Children infected from their mothers during childbirth often get rid of the pathogen by self-healing. Therefore, at school age, only 5-22% of children are infected. In sexually mature people, the incidence of the disease due to sexual contact is increasing. About 50% of women are carriers of ureaplasma. Men are affected less often.
Symptoms
Symptoms of ureaplasmosis in men and women depend on which organs are affected by ureaplasma. These are the following signs:
- with urethritis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the urethra) – cutting pains and heartburn in the urethra, urination disorders;
- with cystitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the urinary bladder) – difficulty urinating, gagging during urination, a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder, pain in the lower abdomen;
- with epididymitis in men (inflammation of the epididymis) – pain in the testicles, sexual dysfunction;
- with endocervicitis in women (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the cervix) - pain in the lower abdomen at rest and during sexual intercourse, colorless or yellowish discharge from the vagina of a mucous nature;
- with adnexitis in women (inflammation of the ovaries and fallopian tubes) - pain in the lower abdomen, discharge from the vagina, violation of the ovarian-menstrual cycle.
In the progression of the inflammatory process provoked by ureaplasmas, regardless of its localization, the following are observed:
- increased body temperature;
- general weakness, lethargy;
- deterioration of working capacity – both physical and intellectual.
Ureaplasmosis in pregnant women is possible:
- premature destruction of the membranes of the fetus;
- death of the fetus during its intrauterine development;
- voluntary termination of pregnancy (abortions, premature births).
If a woman is diagnosed with ureaplasma during pregnancy, it is necessary to undergo a course of treatment immediately to protect the future child from infection during childbirth.
The involvement of ureaplasmas in infertility in women is studied. It was found that many women were able to get pregnant after the sanitation of the body and elimination of ureaplasmas.
In some cases, ureaplasmosis affects other organs and tissues. Most often:
- connective tissue is affected;
- stones form in the kidneys;
- meninges become inflamed (meningitis develops);
- lung tissue is affected.
Diagnostics
There are no specific signs of ureaplasmosis, it is difficult to make a diagnosis based on complaints. The diagnosis of the disease is based on additional examination methods. The most informative methods of diagnosing ureaplasmosis are:
- bacteriological examination (inoculation for ureaplasma) - inoculate biological secretions on nutrient media, wait for the growth of colonies, then identify the causative agent;
- PCR diagnostics is a method of studying the polymerase chain reaction. DNA diagnostics (PCR) of ureaplasmosis is an advanced method of its detection. It is based on the study of DNA in biological material;
- ELISA - enzyme immunoassay;
- PIF - direct immunofluorescence.
In our clinic, you can also take a test for ureaplasmosis. Experienced specialists will conduct an accurate laboratory diagnosis of this disease.
Instrumental diagnostic methods are also used to identify the pathological process:
- hysteroscopy - examination of the cervix and uterine cavity using a hysteroscope;
- ureteroscopy - examination of the urethra using a ureteroscope.
How to treat ureaplasmosis
The detection of ureaplasma is not an indication for treatment. It is prescribed in the presence of clinical symptoms of the above pathologies - urethritis, endocervicitis and others. But it should be remembered that the causative agents of these diseases can be not only ureaplasmas, but also other types of causative agents.
How to treat ureaplasmosis? The basis of its treatment are the following purposes:
- antibiotics. Combined therapy is used - with several antibiotics;
- immunocorrectors;
- physiotherapeutic methods;
- rehabilitation of the external genitalia, vagina, cervix, and the child's skin and mucous membranes.
The treatment scheme for ureaplasmosis depends on which organs are affected.
Prevention
Ureaplasmosis prevention is based on:
- use of condoms during casual sexual relations, ideally - refusal of such relations;
- strict adherence to the principles of personal hygiene;
- timely treatment of the mother to prevent infection of the child during childbirth.
On our website https://dobrobut.com/ you can get more information about ureaplasmosis, as well as make an appointment for a consultation with specialists, they will answer all your questions - for example, what does ureaplasma 10 in 10 degrees mean, what are the risks of ureaplasmosis, and others.
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