Symptoms and treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia. Classification. Diagnostics and prevention

Symptoms and treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia

The restless 21st century provokes a large number of diseases "from nerves". Therefore, patients are often interested in the question of the symptoms and treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD), which belongs to this group of diseases.

The name of the pathology reflects its essence. Failures begin in the work of the autonomic nervous system. Since the VSD is responsible for the innervation (nerve supply) of blood vessels, due to failures, nerve impulses do not reach the vessels systemically, as was the norm. Some nerve impulses carry a command to constrict blood vessels, others to dilate them. Such a disorderly change of commands leads to a chaotic change in vascular tone. Therefore, the answer to the question "VSD - what is it in simple language" is as follows: it is the so-called tone game of blood vessels due to a violation of their nervous supply.

Now the name "vegeto-vascular dystonia" is outdated, doctors introduced the term "neuro-circulatory dystonia". But in everyday life, the name "VSD" is still used.

According to the statement of the World Health Organization, 100% of the adult population of the planet suffers from VSD.

VSD can also occur in childhood (the so-called constitutional type VSD), with hormonal changes and serious disorders of the central nervous system, after infections, due to alcohol addiction. Symptoms of VSD in adults and children practically do not differ.

VSD classification

Depending on the clinical manifestations, the following forms of vegetative-vascular dystonia are distinguished:

according to the hypotonic type – relaxation of the vascular wall prevails, the body reacts by lowering blood pressure;
according to the hypertensive type – narrowing of the vascular wall prevails, the body reacts by increasing blood pressure;

Symptoms of VSD in adults and children

All types of VSD are similar in subjective characteristics, there are only some differences.

The most typical general symptoms complained of by patients with any type of VSD:

deterioration of the general condition - sudden weakness, loss of working capacity, rapid fatigue, difficulty getting up in the morning;
changes on the part of the nervous system – tearfulness, a feeling of anxiety, irritation over little things, sleep disturbances;
headache attacks are one of the most common symptoms of VSD;
unexplained excessive sweating;
excessive heartbeat.

The commonality of signs in different types of pathology under consideration is not accidental. After all, the causes of VSD of the hypotonic type are the same as those of VSD of the hypertensive, cardiac, and mixed type.

With VSD of the hypotonic type, blood pressure is reduced (below 100/60 millimeters of mercury). It provokes dizziness and fainting.

Arterial pressure in hypertensive type of SCD is elevated (above 140/90 mm Hg), the skin has a "marble" color, the face and neck are often red.

The mixed type is characterized by sharp pressure drops in both directions.

With cardiac typical VSD, pains will appear behind the sternum and in the area of the heart in the same place.

Panic attacks in vegetative-vascular dystonia occur due to an excessive influx of adrenaline into the blood. They must be distinguished from panic attacks with mental disorders.

You can read more about the possible signs of VSD on our website Dobrobut.com.

VSD diagnosis

It is easy to make a diagnosis of VSD. If a person constantly feels stress, is in an eternal hurry, does not get enough sleep, does not rest enough, abuses alcohol, often suffers from infectious diseases, and the described symptoms appear against this background, it means that vegetative-vascular dystonia did not make itself wait long.

Sometimes the diagnosis of VSD in older women can be made incorrectly. Female patients may develop menopause (female withering), many of the symptoms of which are similar to symptoms of VSD. These are the so-called "hot flashes" - a feeling of heat and sweating. After the onset of menopause, these symptoms disappear, with VSD - they continue to be observed.

In some cases, it is necessary to carry out a differential diagnosis of VSD and cervical osteochondrosis. When nerve roots are compressed in the cervical spine, headaches also regularly occur, as in vegetative-vascular dystonia. They disappear after a course of massage, while a wider set of measures is required to "exorcise" vegetative-vascular dystonia. In some cases, osteochondrosis can cause VSD.

Treatment and prevention of VSD

Medicines for VSD are not something extremely specific and unusual. Taking simple sedatives (even "ordinary" valerian and peony tincture) can alleviate the condition of a patient who has had an attack of VSD. These agents have a beneficial effect on the central nervous system, which in turn sends the correct commands to the autonomic nervous system. As a result, vascular tone improves, symptoms disappear immediately.

But before prescribing tablets and pills, the doctor will first "prescribe" you a healthy lifestyle. It:

normalization of workload, including a ban on overtime work;
balanced three-time meal, in particular, a full lunch ("first, second, compote"), prohibition of snacks "on the go";
timely rest - both current (pauses in daily work, relaxation during weekends) and regular vacations;
sleep at least 8 hours, even if you are already used to sleeping little;
regular sex.

These recommendations will ease the patient's condition. They give the same answer to the question of how to treat VSD according to the mixed type and according to others. A healthy lifestyle will help not only to get rid of VSD, but also to prevent it. Vegeta-vascular dystonia is one of the diseases for which the methods of treatment and prevention are the same.

Do not try to get rid of vegetative-vascular dystonia with the help of drugs that allegedly helped your loved ones with similar symptoms. Due to the similarity of the symptoms of VSD to the signs of true hypertension, chronically low blood pressure or pathological changes in the heart, only a qualified physician can clarify your diagnosis and prescribe the correct treatment. In case of manifestations of vegetative-vascular dystonia, it is necessary to consult a therapist.

Related services:
Cardiology Check-up
Therapeutic hospital