Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of urolithiasis

Etiology and symptoms of urolithiasis, treatment

Urolithiasis (or urolithiasis) is a disease associated with metabolic disorders. A variety of factors can provoke the appearance of stones in one of the departments of the urinary tract - a chronic form of inflammatory processes in this department of the body, heredity, tumor diseases. The etiology of urolithiasis has not yet been finally clarified, and it is impossible to say unequivocally what triggers the appearance of stones in the urinary tract.

Symptoms of urolithiasis

The signs of the development of the pathology are almost always pronounced, so the patient does not delay in contacting the doctor. The symptoms of urolithiasis, which can be treated with therapeutic and surgical methods, include:

1. Pain in the lumbar region. It can disturb the patient during active physical exercises, cycling. The pain can be sharp and attack-like, but in some cases it becomes permanent.
2. Disruption of urination. Patients experience frequent urges to urinate, but when visiting the toilet, too little urine is released.

Urolithiasis is also characterized by some general symptoms:

• abdominal bloating;
• tension of the abdominal muscles;
• vomiting attacks;
• nausea;
• increased body temperature;
• a cold.

When examining a patient with urolithiasis, hematuria, leukocytosis, and dysuria will be diagnosed.

Diagnosis of urolithiasis

The symptoms listed above can be characteristic of other pathological conditions, so the patient should undergo a full examination. The diagnosis of urolithiasis consists in carrying out the following measures:

• collection of anamnesis of life and illness;
• examination of the patient;
• computed tomography;
• laboratory general and biochemical blood analysis;
• laboratory performance of urine analysis;
• study of the stone (if available).

Methods of treatment of urolithiasis

Kidney urolithiasis can be treated conservatively or surgically - it all depends on the clinical picture, the general condition of the patient and the results of laboratory research.

How is urolithiasis treated:

1. Using conservative methods. Usually, this treatment of urolithiasis is used if the patient first sought qualified medical care, and studies did not show the presence of a large number of stones in the departments of the urinary system.
2. Symptomatic treatment, as a rule, is used for the treatment of urolithiasis, which is accompanied by renal colic. The doctor should alleviate the patient's condition as quickly as possible, relieve him of acute paroxysmal pain.
3. Surgical stone removal. Urology considers urolithiasis as a condition requiring surgical intervention. The fact is that sooner or later the stones will become large, and surgical intervention will be unavoidable. In particularly severe cases, stones are removed together with the kidney. Most often, surgical intervention is used to treat urolithiasis in men.
4. Litotripsy. This is a method of treating urolithiasis, which consists in acting on existing stones with a shock wave.
5. Instrumental removal. It is carried out when the stone is lowered into the ureter, but its further exit is difficult.

Lithotripsy is considered to be the most effective method of treating urolithiasis, the timely conduct of which allows to avoid open surgical intervention and removal of the kidney.

Urolithiasis in children

In childhood, this disease is diagnosed quite rarely, in most cases, the cause of its development is a hereditary factor. Treatment methods for urolithiasis in children are almost no different from those used for adult patients.

People's methods of treatment are also quite effective: various herbal decoctions can reduce the risk of stone formation, and existing small stones can freely pass out through the ureter and urinary canal. But any folk remedies should be used only with the permission of a doctor and not to the detriment of medicinal purposes. You can get more information about how urolithiasis in children is treated on our website: https://dobrobut.com/.

Urolithiasis in pregnant women

Urolithiasis during pregnancy is extremely rare, but even if the pathology was diagnosed before conception, it is not a contraindication to bearing and giving birth to a child. Women with a history of urolithiasis are observed by an obstetrician and a urologist - during the entire period of carrying a child, they must undergo regular preventive examinations to prevent the development of complications.

Urolithiasis and pregnancy are completely compatible, the pathology has no effect on the intrauterine development of the fetus. But a woman can develop renal colic, and this is an undeniable indication for hospitalization. If a pregnant woman is outside the hospital, she can support the normal functioning of the urinary system by following a certain diet. There are no uniform recommendations for nutrition in case of urolithiasis, the prescriptions depend on the type of stones diagnosed. Pregnant women should consult a urologist for advice.

Urolithiasis is a pathology that can be controlled by both the patient and the doctor. It is enough to undergo diagnostics in a timely manner and fulfill the appointments of specialists.

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