Metalosteosynthesis of bones - indications and contraindications for carrying out
Osteosynthesis is the operation of connecting bone fragments with the help of special fasteners. The method is mostly used for the treatment of various fractures. The rehabilitation period after metallo-osteosynthesis is relatively short - from three to six months. The recovery period depends on the complexity of the injury, the patient's general condition, his age, and how clearly the doctor's recommendations are followed. Ignoring exercises and non-compliance with the medication regimen can greatly complicate the rehabilitation period.
Indications for metalosteosynthesis surgery:
- improper fracture fusion;
- secondary displacement of bone fragments;
- migration of metal structure after osteosynthesis;
- unsuccessful treatment by other methods;
- correction of crooked limbs.
Contraindications for metallo-osteosynthesis of bones: severe diseases (kidney failure, tuberculosis), exacerbation of chronic pathologies, shock, coma.
Preparation for metallo-osteosynthesis operation
Preparation for surgical intervention is carried out according to a standard scheme consisting of a complex of general clinical laboratory and instrumental examinations. The patient must submit blood for a general analysis and biochemistry, as well as urine for a general analysis. In addition, as part of the preparation, the patient is prescribed an ECG, radiography and tomography of the damaged area.
It is important to carry out compatibility tests with drugs necessary for pain relief. Testing is performed by an anesthesiologist.
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Intramedullary metallo-osteosynthesis
The method is used for various injuries of the femoral neck. There are open and closed options. For the elderly, this operation is a chance to get back on their feet and not be bedridden. Intramedullary metallo-osteosynthesis belongs to the category of intraosseous operations, during which the comparison of fragments takes place manually. After that, a fixing rod is inserted into the medullary canal of the bone.
Complications after surgery are rare. They are mainly related to the poor quality of metal construction. The second cause of complications is the introduction of a foreign body into the bone marrow canal, which can cause its compression and disrupt the blood supply. In isolated cases, bone marrow destruction with subsequent fat embolism is possible.
Metalosteosynthesis of the hip
The operation is usually performed in the first week after the fracture. Before the surgical intervention, the patient must undergo a laboratory examination (blood and urine analysis) and an instrumental examination (electrocardiogram, X-ray, CT). The anesthesiologist will conduct a special test for compatibility with drugs for anesthesia.
Metalosteosynthesis of the hip - the course of the operation:
- linear incisions are made to access the fracture site;
- separation and repositioning of debris is carried out;
- bone fragments are connected with a fixing clip;
- the plate is installed;
- fabrics are stitched together.
Possible complications after metallo-osteosynthesis of the femur: damage to nerve endings and blood vessels; getting an anaerobic infection.
Rehabilitation measures
The recovery course is prescribed by an orthopedic surgeon and a rehabilitation specialist individually. The degree of damage, the method of surgical intervention, the general condition of the patient, his age and the presence of chronic diseases are taken into account. The program includes not only medicines, but also physiotherapy, massage, exercise therapy.
The main task of physical therapy is to improve blood circulation, fully restore limb function and prevent painful sensations.
Therapeutic massage after metal osteosynthesis of the spine is prescribed on the fifth day after the operation. At first, it is simple stroking and tapping, which eventually transforms into a full-fledged massage. The purpose of the massage is to improve blood circulation and reduce swelling.
Physiotherapy - paraffin applications, UHF, electrophoresis, magnetic therapy and inductothermy. The choice of method depends on the localization of the fracture, the type of operation and the type of metal structure installed
If all the doctor's recommendations are strictly followed, absolute recovery occurs after three to six months.
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