Deficit of motor activity as one of the triggers of hypokinesia
Hypokinesis is a complex of disorders that includes a decrease in motor activity and slowness of movements. Pathology usually develops with lesions of the central nervous system. For example, hypokinesia is observed in patients with Parkinson's disease.
The effect of hypokinesia on the body:
- adaptive and compensatory reactions decrease;
- the functional and structural basis of movement changes (discoordination, stiffness of joints);
- there is a pathological decrease in motor activity with a violation of statokinetic reflexes (maintenance of balance);
- energy and basic metabolism decreases, oxygen deficiency increases.
Causes of hypokinesia
The most frequent causes of pathology are dysfunction of the basal ganglia and a decrease in excitation processes in the motor cortex. Hypokinesia can also be caused by a lack of motor activity - for example, with long-term immobilization due to injuries or serious diseases. A decrease in motor activity is also observed in some mental disorders.
Causes of hypokinesia:
- degenerative disorders;
- taking some medicines;
- vascular disorders;
- injuries;
- intoxication;
- infections of the central nervous system;
- metabolic disorders;
- neuromuscular disorders.
Gall bladder hypokinesia occurs as a result of a decrease in its motor-evacuator function. In case of insufficient reduction of the gallbladder, a smaller amount of bile enters the digestive tract. Patients complain of dull pain in the right hypochondrium without clear irradiation. You can learn more about biliary tract dyskinesia at a doctor's consultation - you can make an appointment on our website https://dobrobut.com.
Hypokinesis of heart ventricles
A decrease in the amplitude of the movement of the left ventricle is also classified as hypokinesia. Zones of hypokinesia during echocardiography indicate either acute or chronic myocardial infarction (post-infarction cardiosclerosis), myocardial ischemia, and thickening of the myocardial walls. Violation of the contractility of the segments of the left ventricle in patients with coronary heart disease is assessed on a five-point scale:
- Normal contractility.
- Moderate hypokinesia.
- Pronounced hypokinesia.
- Akinesia (lack of movement).
- Dyskinesia (myocardial segment does not move in the right direction, but in the opposite direction).
Right ventricular hypokinesia is detected in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). The conducted studies showed that the presence of hypokinesia of the right ventricle in patients with acute LE increases the risk of mortality in the next month by two times. This fact makes it possible to identify high-risk patients who appear to be stable.
Treatment of hypokinesia
How to treat hypokinesia depends on the underlying disease, the symptom of which is a decrease in motor activity. In the early stages of Parkinson's disease, dopaminergic drugs are indicated. A doctor should prescribe drugs and judge their effectiveness. When the disease progresses and conservative therapy is ineffective, surgical treatment (neurostimulation or destructive surgery) may be required.
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