Forms of infantile cerebral palsy (CP)
Childish cerebral palsy is a group of diseases characterized by disturbances in the motor, nervous, intellectual and speech spheres. Forms of infantile cerebral palsy: mono-, tera-, paraparalyses, various paresis, unsteadiness of gait, impaired muscle tone, hyperkinesis, movement coordination disorders, retardation in mental development. In addition, with cerebral palsy, epilepsy, impaired vision and hearing, and reduced intelligence are possible. Language impairment in cerebral palsy is usually combined with abnormalities in the mental sphere.
CP does not progress and does not belong to hereditary diseases.
Reasons for the diagnosis of cerebral palsy:
- deviations in the development of brain structures;
- hypoxia and ischemia during intrauterine development of the fetus and during childbirth;
- Rhesus conflict and group incompatibility of mother and child;
- infections in the mother in the first trimester;
- chronic diseases of the pregnant woman (heart disease, liver disease, diabetes, etc.);
- severe toxicosis;
- birth injuries;
- influence of drugs, nicotine, alcohol;
- prematurity.
The first signs of cerebral palsy at an early age will be discussed below. Parents need to monitor the baby's development very carefully, especially in the first year after birth.
Symptoms of the disease
At an early age, when the central nervous system is not yet fully formed, children with cerebral palsy differ little from others. Over time, the difference becomes more noticeable. For example, a child starts to sit and crawl late. The baby cannot stand on his own, let alone walk. The signs become even more noticeable after a year. Problems with hearing and vision may appear. The baby does not respond to speech and does not try to repeat words. Uses one hand and is not particularly interested in toys. The child is capricious and disobedient. There is increased salivation and strabismus develops.
Forms of infantile cerebral palsy
The hyperkinetic form is manifested by variability of muscle tone, speech pathology, hearing impairment. The mental development of such babies is at an average level.
Atonic-astatic form. She is characterized by weak muscle tone and reduced intelligence. In some cases, such a child is diagnosed with oligophrenia. This form most often develops when the cerebellum and frontal lobes are affected. Classes with children with cerebral palsy in a regular school classroom are quite problematic.
Spastic diplegia is the most common form, which is accompanied by a violation of muscle tone. Contractures form in the child from an early age, the joints and spine are deformed. Spastic diplegia is characterized by strabismus and impaired speech. Classes at the rehabilitation center for children with cerebral palsy will bring tangible results and help the child become socially adapted.
Spastic tetraparesis is the most severe form of cerebral palsy.
The ataxic form belongs to rare species and is accompanied by hand tremors and moderate mental development.
Dyskinetic form - with poorly expressed mental features of the development of children with cerebral palsy.
With right-sided hemiparesis, as a rule, one side of the body is affected. With this form, the child may be diagnosed with epilepsy and a significant decrease in intelligence.
On our website https://dobrobut.com/ you will find more information about educational programs for children with cerebral palsy at school (regular and specialized ), and you can also make an appointment with a specialist. Recording in round-the-clock mode.
Symptoms of cerebral palsy in newborns and young children
Symptoms depend on the area of damage and degree of brain damage. Among the main manifestations:
- involuntary contractions of various muscles;
- muscle hypertonus;
- various disturbances when walking;
- restriction of mobility;
- hearing pathology;
- impaired vision;
- decreasing intelligence.
Symptoms of cerebral palsy in newborns: the baby moves only one arm and leg, does not smile, can only turn his head in one direction. In the future, such a child cannot turn over on his stomach on his own, does not respond to his mother and to toys. Treatment of cerebral palsy in children should begin as early as possible. Only then is a positive result guaranteed.
Diagnostics
In addition to examining the child, it is necessary to conduct a number of additional studies, as well as to find out from the mother how the pregnancy and childbirth went. In addition, consultation with a neuropathologist, ophthalmologist, psychiatrist and orthopedist is mandatory. Additional studies:
- electroencephalography, electromyography;
- electroneurography;
- MRI of the brain, CT.
It is extremely important to differentiate cerebral palsy from hereditary neurological diseases.
Treatment
Treatment is very long and difficult. The result depends on the degree of damage to the nervous system, the accuracy of the diagnosis and the timeliness of the started treatment. Complexity of therapy and persistence of parents are of great importance. The main emphasis is on non-drug methods of treatment.
The main help for patients with cerebral palsy will be provided by a doctor in the physical therapy office, who will draw up a scheme of rehabilitation measures and show how certain exercises should be performed. Do not forget about massage, physiotherapy and the use of technical means.
Methods of rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy:
- Bobat therapy;
- Voit's method;
- loading suits;
- "Pneumosuit".
When these methods do not give positive dynamics, doctors recommend surgical intervention, which will restore the normal structure of the tissues and ensure the plasticity of the tendons.
If you still have questions and need consultation, make an appointment at our medical center. The specialist will help to determine the diagnosis and will tell in which case strollers are needed for disabled people with cerebral palsy. Registration on the website and at the above-mentioned phones.
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