Prevention of fetoplacental insufficiency during pregnancy
Fetoplacental insufficiency is a pathological process characterized by impaired blood flow in the area of attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall. The condition is quite dangerous, because it can provoke serious disturbances in the development of the fetus, miscarriage, preeclampsia and premature detachment of the placenta. Treatment of chronic fetoplacental insufficiency depends on the degree of placental dysfunction and the condition of the fetus. We will remind you that the placenta is a temporary organ that is formed during pregnancy and performs important functions for the future development and growth of the child (gas exchange, delivery of nutrients, synthesis of hormones).
Causes of fetoplacental insufficiency in pregnant women:
- inferior and irrational nutrition;
- psychological stress, stressful situations;
- unfavorable ecology;
- incompatibility by Rh factor;
- gestosis;
- pelvic position of the fetus;
- multiple pregnancy.
Depending on the violations, fetoplacental insufficiency is classified by degrees: the first (local changes), the second (hemodynamic disturbances are detected in the utero-placental and feto-placental blood flow), the third (critical changes in the feto-placental blood flow). Consequences of subcompensated fetoplacental insufficiency: delayed fetal development, hypoxia, miscarriage, intrauterine death of the fetus.
Classification of pathology
According to the time of development, FPN is divided into primary and secondary. The latter occurs in the late stages of pregnancy. In the first case, we are talking about the period from 16 to 18 weeks.
According to the course of pathology, acute and chronic fetoplacental insufficiency are distinguished.
Signs of fetoplacental insufficiency of the fetus in an acute form - violation of gas exchange, hypoxia of the fetus. Acute FPN is most often a consequence of premature detachment of the placenta, placental infarction, thrombosis of placental vessels.
The chronic form of the pathology is diagnosed more often and has three types: compensated, decompensated and subcompensated insufficiency.
Fetoplacental insufficiency can be:
- first degree (with preservation of feto-placental blood flow);
- second (with violation of feto-placental and utero-placental blood flow);
- third (with critical violation of feto-placental blood flow and preservation of utero-placental blood flow).
Symptoms of fetoplacental insufficiency of varying degrees
Clinical manifestations of pathology depend on its type. With the chronic compensated form, there are no symptoms, which cannot be said about the uncompensated chronic and acute form. The latter are characterized by slow growth of the pregnant woman's belly, slow development of the fetus. The most dangerous manifestation is bloody discharge from the vagina.
On our website https://dobrobut.com/ you can make an appointment with a specialist and undergo a full examination. The doctor will talk about the main symptoms of fetoplacental insufficiency of various degrees and answer your questions. Registration is carried out by phone and directly on the website.
Diagnosis of fetoplacental insufficiency
After collecting anamnesis and examining a pregnant woman, the doctor may prescribe additional laboratory and instrumental examinations:
- blood analysis for coagulation;
- biochemical blood analysis;
- hormone analysis;
- urine analysis to determine estriol;
- dopplerography;
- Ultrasound of the fetus and uterus;
- CGT of the fetus.
The leading place in the diagnosis of fetoplacental insufficiency is occupied by instrumental examination methods.
Treatment
With this diagnosis, the main task of therapy is to support pregnancy and timely delivery. FPN of decompensated and acute form is treated in hospital conditions.
Drug treatment:
- preparations that improve tissue metabolism;
- spasmolytics and tocolytics;
- intravenous administration of euphilin;
- anticoagulants and drugs that reduce the tone of the uterus;
- hormones;
- iron preparations.
The course of treatment is from six to eight weeks. The effectiveness of the treatment is assessed using dopplerography and ultrasound scanning of the placenta and fetus.
Prevention of fetoplacental insufficiency during pregnancy
FPN is a very serious pathology that poses a huge danger to the health of the future baby. Strict compliance with the doctor's recommendations will help a pregnant woman prevent its appearance:
- full sleep and rational nutrition;
- taking multivitamin preparations;
- calm psychological environment, absence of stress;
- timely treatment of inflammatory diseases of the genital organs;
- treatment of chronic diseases;
- dosed physical loads.
You can learn more about the prevention of fetoplacental insufficiency during pregnancy during a consultation.
Related services:
Ultrasound examination
Obstetrician-gynecologist consultation during pregnancy
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